HYDRODYNAMICS AND ACOUSTICS

2018 ◊ Volume 1 (91) ◊ Issue 3 ◊ p. 268-283

V. V. Boiko^*, A. A. Kuzmenko^*, O. M. Chala^*, T. V. Hlevnyuk^*, N. I. Zhukova^**

^* Institute of Hydromechanics of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
^**National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute"

Studying the effective and seismic safe parameters of imploding works in quarries under the conditions of karsted rock mass

Gidrodin. akust. 2018, 1(3):268-283

https://doi.org/10.15407/jha2018.03.268

TEXT LANGUAGE: Ukrainian

ABSTRACT

The known theoretical and experimental studies on methods for calculating the parameters of imploding works with the allowance for properties of collapsing rocks (in particular, rocks of complex structure) are analyzed. The developed designs of charges and methods for their initiation are considered, as well as the variants of various short-delay blasting schemes capable for ensuring high-quality grinding of rock mass in the explosion center with simultaneous maintaining of acceptable level of seismic safety in the area of buildings (including those located over the karst cavities in quarry influence zone). The seismic safety parameters of mass explosions in gypsum quarries are substantiated. The peculiarities of various types of waves propagation in the karsted rock mass from the explosion source to the place of their interaction with ground objects and karst cavities under them are investigated. The empirical coefficients are obtained along with the improving of the formula for calculating the seismically safe mass of explosive charges for short-delayed explosions of borehole charges with a non-electric initiation system. The proposed relation differs from the known ones by the fact that it considers the static and dynamic components of the load caused by the transverse wave. Moreover, the presence of karst cavities located in the active area of the house up to (or below) the line of the lower limit of static pressure is taken into account. The specificity of controlled detonation of borehole charges separated by a karst cavity with the aim of closing the latter is analyzed. The concepts of seismic vibrations from mass explosions in quarries, as well as their interaction with the buildings on the surface and karst cavities beneath them located above the lower limit of static pressure, are further developed.

KEY WORDS

static and seismic stability, quarry, admissible masses of charges, explosive material, seismic measurements, mass explosions, cartilage soil massif, karst cavity, vibration velocity, seismic safety

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